THE SUCCESSOR TO POPE JOHN PAUL II
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The most powerful members of the College of Cardinals and among them powerful candidates* for the election as the next Pope in order of rank and liturgical precedence.However it should be noted that not all Cardinals may have been revealed by the Pope and there are appointees who are not publicly known.


Cardinal Bishop Ratzinger (powerful contender)*
Cardinal Bishop Sodano (powerful contender)*
Cadinal Bishop Spidlik
Cardinal Bishop Gantin
Cardinal Bishop Etchegaray
Cadinal Bishop Trujillo (powerful contender)*
Cardinal Bishop Re (powerful contender)*
Cardinal Bishop Sfier
Cardinal Bishop Daoud (powerful contender)*
Cardinal Bishop Ghattas
Cardinal Priest Kim Sou-hwan
Cardinal Priest Sales
Cardinal Priest Willebrands
Cardinal Deacon Medina Estevez*
Cardinal Deacon Castrillon Hoyos*
Cardinal Deacon Andronetti
Cardinal Deacon Stafford
Cardinal Deacon Cheli
Cardinal Deacon Monduzzi

* Predicted that the next Pope will come from among these people and Cardinal Ratzinger is the most likely next Pope.


NUMBER OF CARDINALS
183 (from 66 countries)


NUMBER OF CARDINAL ELECTORS
117 (from 52 countries)
(as of 2005.03.21)


According to the apostolic letter Ingravescentem Aetetem effective 1971.01.01, Cardinals who have completed their 80th year of age can no longer take part in a papal election. Pope John Paul II has used his authority to exceed the limit of 120. Cardinals are chosen by the pope to serve as his principal assistants and advisers in the central administration of church affairs. Collectively, they form the College of Cardinals or the Sacred College. Under the Code of Canon Law, Cardinals serve to govern the Church and elect the pope in a conclave during the Sede Vacante (when the Holy See becomes vacant). Cardinals are also the major administrators of church affairs, serving in one or more departments of the Roman Curia.


Their title, while symbolic of high honour, does not signify any extension of the powers of the holy orders. By the 1815 Congress of Vienna, all Cardinals have the rank and privileges equal to princes of royal birth; hence they are also known as the princes of the Church. Cardinals in pectore are those who have been selected by the pope but whose name have not been disclosed usually because of political reasons. They have no title, rights or duties until such disclosure is made. Two Cardinals named in pectore by Pope John Paul II were revealed on 2001.01.28. One prelate was named in pectore on 2003.09.28, and his name has not been revealed.


Source


Cardinal-Bishops follow the precedence listed below:


Cardinal Dean: Ratzinger (as Cardinal-Bishop since 1993.04.05, as Vice-Dean since 1998.11.06, Dean since 2002.11.30)
Cardinal Vice-Dean: Sodano (as Cardinal-Bishop since 1994.01.10, as Vice-Dean since 2002.11.30)
Other Roman-Rite Cardinal-Bishops: (precedence is determined by the date of promotion to the suburbicarian see)
Gantin (as a Cardinal-Bishop since 1993.06.05, Dean from 1993.06.05 to 2002.11.29)
Etchegaray (1998.06.24)
López Trujillo (2001.11.19)
Re (2002.10.01)
Eastern-Rite Cardinal Patriarchs: Sfeir (1994.11.26)
Moussa I Daoud (2001.02.21)
Ghattas (2001.02.21)


Source


Within the order of Cardinal-Priests, precedence is determined by date of appointment and secondarily by order of nomination on the biglietto appointing them.


1969.04.28: Kim Sou-hwan, Sales, Willebrands
1973.03.05: Aponte Martínez, Primastesta, Pappalardo, Arns, Taofinu'u
1976.05.24: Sin, Baum, Lorscheider
1979.06.30: Caprio, CéE, Corripio Ahumada, Macharski
1983.02.02: Kitbunchu, do Nascimento, Danneels, Williams, Martini, Lustiger, Glemp, Meisner
1985.05.25: Fresno Larraín, Obando Bravo, Suquía Goicoechea, Vidal, Gulbinowicz, Vachon, Wetter, Piovanelli, Simonis, Law, Biffi, Lourdusamy, Arinze, Innocenti, Mayer, Tomko, Deskur, Poupard, Castillo Lara, Gagnon, Stickler
1988.06.28: Martinez Somalo, Silvestrini, Felici, FalcãoE, Giordano, Santos, Canestri, Javierre Ortas, Pimenta, Clancy, Szoka, Paskai, Tumi, Margéot
1991.06.28: Etsou-Nzabi-Bamungwabi, López Rodriguez, Mahony, Bevilacqua, Saldarini, Daly, Ruini, Korec, Schwery, Sterzinsky, Laghi, Cassidy, Sánchez, Noè, Angelini
1994.11.26: Vlk, Shirayanagi, Suárez Rivera, Ortega y Alamino, Darmaatmadja, Wamala, Keeler, Turcotte, Carles Gordó, Maida, Puljic, RazafindratandraE, Pham Ðinh Tung, Sandoval Íñiguez, Swiatek, Tonini, Poggi, Furno, Agustoni
1998.02.21: de Giorgi, Araújo, Rouco Varela, Ambrozic, Tettamanzi, Pengo, Schönborn, Rivera Carrera, George, Shan Kuo-hsi, Kozlowiecki, JaworskiP, PujatsP
2001.02.21: González Zumárraga, Dias, Agnelo, Rubiano Sáenz, McCarrick, Connell, Backis, Errázuriz Ossa, Terrazas Sandoval, Napier, Rodrigues Maradiaga, Agré, Cipriani Thorne, Alvarez MartínezE, Hummes, Vithayathil, Bergoglio, Policarpo, Poletto, Murphy-O'Connor, Egan, Husar, Lehmann, Honore
2003.10.21: Scola, Okogie, Panafieu, Zubeir Wako, Amigo Vallejo Rigali, O'Brien, Scheid, Antonelli, Bertone, Turkson, Toppo, Pell, Bozanic, Pham Minh Mân, Quezada Toruño, Barbarin, Erdo, Ouellet


Within the order of Cardinal-Deacons, precedence is determined by date of appointment and secondarily by order of nomination on the biglietto appointing them.


1998.02.21: Medina Estévez, Castrillón Hoyos, Antonetti, Stafford, Cheli, Monduzzi
2001.02.21: Cacciavilan, Sebastiani, Grocholewski, Saraiva Martins, Sepe, Mejía, Pompedda, Kasper, Tucci, Scheffczyk, Dulles
2003.10.21: Tauran, Martino, Marchisano, Herranz, Lozano Barragán, Hamao, Nicora, Cottier, pidlík, Nagy



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